Amritsar, India
The Golden Temple, July 2011
Founded in 1577 by the fourth guru Ram Das, Amritsar is home to Sikhism's holiest shrine, the spectacular Golden Temple. During unrest in Punjab in the early 1980s, the Golden Temple was occupied by separatists seeking to create an independent Sikh homeland. They were flushed out by the army in 1984 in a controversial military action that damaged the temple and fuelled violent Sikh-Hindu clashes in Punjab and beyond that left thousands (predominantly Sikhs) dead.
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